Who Qualifies as Neurodivergent?
The term neurodivergent describes individuals whose brain functions, cognitive processes, or mental health conditions differ from what is considered “neurotypical”—or standard patterns of brain functioning. This inclusive and evolving concept recognizes diverse ways of thinking and experiencing the world. While there is no universally agreed-upon list, it generally encompasses individuals with recognized neurological, cognitive, developmental, and mental health differences.
Commonly Recognized Neurodivergent Conditions
Developmental Conditions
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Learning Differences
- Dyslexia: Difficulty with reading and interpreting words.
- Dyscalculia: Difficulty with mathematical concepts or performing calculations.
- Dysgraphia: Difficulty with writing and fine motor skills.
- Dyspraxia: Challenges with motor coordination and planning.
These top categories are almost universally agreed upon as neurodivergent “conditions.”
Mental Health Conditions
Some people also put mental health conditions into the Neurodivergent category. But this isn’t widely agreed upon.
- Bipolar Disorder
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Anxiety Disorders
- Depression (sometimes debated in its inclusion).
Neurological Conditions
- Epilepsy: Impacts brain activity and can influence cognitive and sensory functions.
- Tourette Syndrome: Characterized by involuntary tics or vocalizations.
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Cognitive and neurological impacts from head injuries.
Other Categories
- Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD): Difficulty interpreting sensory information.
- Highly Sensitive Individuals: Heightened sensory or emotional awareness.
Who is Neurodivergent? Who gets to decide if You are Neurodivergent?
The neurodivergent label is often a personal or self-defined identity. While some align with formal medical or psychological diagnoses, others embrace the term based on their lived experiences, even without an official diagnosis. This approach reflects the neurodiversity movement’s philosophy of inclusivity, prioritizing individual voices over rigid medical definitions.
Is Everyone Neurodivergent?
As the term becomes more widely embraced, some argue its inclusivity risks diluting its meaning. For instance:
- Minor traits of ADHD, anxiety, or autism—such as occasional forgetfulness or social awkwardness—are common among neurotypical people but do not constitute a diagnosable condition.
The neurodivergent label is most effective when used to describe significant, life-impacting differences, not minor variations in behavior or cognition. This ensures the term remains meaningful and continues to foster understanding and support for those who need it most.